Kamis, 30 Maret 2017

Difference Phrase Vs. Sentence [Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2#]



Nama : Fransiska Retno Sari
NPM : 13213578
Kelas : 4EA31
Mata Kuliah : Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2 

Main Difference – Phrase vs. Sentence
Phrase and sentence are common structures in any language and are made up of a group of words. A phrase is a short or long group of words that does not convey a complete thought. A sentence is also a group of words, but it conveys a complete thought. This is the main difference between phrase and sentence.
A.  Phrase
            A phrase is a group of words that does not convey a complete thought. As phrases do not express a complete idea, they can’t stand alone. They can only be used as parts of sentences. It lacks a subject or a verb or in some cases both. Therefore, it cannot form a predicate. In the English language, there are five main kinds of phrases. They are :
a)      Noun Phrase: gives information about the noun
Examples: a cute baby, an old lady, many of the theories, a hot summer day, some teachers, etc.
b)     Verb Phrase: gives more meaning to the verb
Examples: She has been eating, was walking, had to be hospitalized, singing a song etc.
c)      Adjective Phrase: gives information about the adjective
Examples: very pretty, terribly long,  not very healthy, exquisite handmade
d)     Adverb Phrase: gives information about the adverb.
Examples: slowly and surely, formerly, beautifully, etc.
e)      Prepositional Phrase: gives information about a time, location or condition. A preposition always appears at the front of the phrase.
Examples: down the road, after a long time, beside the lake, on the table, etc.

B.  Sentence
            A sentence refers to a group of words that expresses a complete thought. A sentence necessarily contains a subject and a verb. There are four types of sentences. They are as follows :
a)      Declarative Sentence
Declarative sentences state information and facts. A declarative sentence ends with a full stop. This article is mainly written in declarative sentences.
Example: 
The Child is sleeping on the floor.
Radium was discovered by Marie Curie.
The dog barks.
b)     Imperative Sentence
            Imperative sentences issue commands or orders or they can express wishes or desires. These sentences can contain a single word, or they can be lengthier.
Example:     
            Stop!
            Be Silent!
            Turn left and go straight.                                                                                       
c)      Interrogative Sentence
Interrogative sentences ask a question. They are easy to understand as they contain a question mark at the end.
Example: 
            Are you crazy?
            Is it raining?
            Did you go to school yesterday?
d)     Exclamatory Sentence
Exclamatory sentences express emotions or excitement. They end with exclamation marks.
Example: 
            I won the first place!
            It’s a surprise!             
Sentences can be further classified according to their structures. A sentence can have a single clause or several clauses. Sentence structures are classified according to these clauses.
Simple Sentence – contains one independent clause.
Complex Sentence – contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Compound Sentence – contains two or more independent clauses.
Compound-Complex Sentence – contains at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.

C.  Difference Between Phrase and Sentence
Definition
·         Phrase is a group of words that are arranged in a grammatical construction and acting as a unit in a sentence.
·         Sentence is a grammatical unit of one or more words that expresses an independent meaning.
Complete Thought
·         Phrase does not express a complete thought.
·         Sentence expresses a complete thought.
Subject and Predicate
·         Phrase does not contain both a subject and a predicate.
·         Sentence contains both subject and predicate.
Information
·         Phrase does not give complete information about the subject or the predicate.
·         Sentence gives complete information about the subject or the predicate.
Punctuation
·         Phrase does not begin with a capital letter or end in punctuation marks.
·         Sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark.



































































Newspaper : JakartaPost on Wednesday 11, January 2017


Phrase :
1.   On balance sheet fintech firms that insist on running their business as usual (Noun Phrase)
2.      By nature (Prepositional Phrase)
3.      To convert (To Infinitive Phrase)
4.      To adjust their business (To Infinitive Phrase)
5.      A non-per-forming loan (NPL) (To Infinitive Phrase)
6.      Below the widely (Prepositional Phrase)
7.      By the startups (Prepositional Phrase)
8.      Lending platforms (Gerund Phrase)
9.      On third parties (Prepositional Phrase)
10.  In the segment soared (Prepositional Phrase)

Sentences :
1.   The nation’s financial regulator is encouraging on-balance sheet financial technology. (Simple Sentence)
2.      The Financial Services Authority (OJK) said on-balance sheet fintech providers were not regulated because their businesses were by nature similar to heavily-regulated banks and other financial institutions with intermediary roles, hence leaving the startups out of supervision. (Compound – Complex Sentence)
3.     In the event a dispute occurs, the parties also cannot seek protection or resolution from the OJK. (Complex Sentence)
4.    This call may change the game for on-balance sheet fintech startups, as one of them, UangTeman, has already expressed a commitment to adjust its business model as expected by the OJK. (Compound Sentence)
5.      We will adjust our business model in accordance. (Simple Sentence)
6.      UangTeman has disbursed Rp 28 billion (US$2.1 million). (Simple Sentence)
7.      Loan disbursement through the infant fintech. (Simple Sentence)
8.   Meanwhile, some fintech P2P lenders have come to us expressing their intention to expand their business. (Complex Sentence)
9.   Fintech startups mushroomed in 2016. (Simple Sentence)
10.  The OJK has yet to identify the types of fintech services offered by the startups, with products ranging from payment products to lending insurance and capital market. (Complex Sentence)