Conditional
Sentence Type I, II, III
Conditional Sentences are sentences
expressing factual implication, or hypothetical situations and their
consequences. A full conditional sentences expresses the condition as well as
its consequences, therefore contains two clauses: the dependent clause
expressing the condition, called the protasis;
and the main clause expressing the consequence, called the apodosis. An example of such a sentence (in English) is the
following :
”If
it rains, the picnic will be cancelled.”
Here the condition is expressed by
the clause “If it rains”, this being
the protasis, while the consequence is expressed by “the picnic will be cancelled”, this
being the apodosis. (The protasis may either precede or follow the
apodosis; it is equally possible to say “The
picnic will be cancelled if it rains”.) In terms of logic, the protasis
corresponds to the antecedent, and the apodosis to the consequence.
Language use a variety of
grammatical forms and construction in conditional sentences. The forms of verbs
used in the protasis and apodosis are often subject to particular rules as
regards their tense and mood. Many languages have a specialized type of verb
from called the conditional mood – broadly equivalent in meaning to the English
“would (do something)” – for use in some types of conditional sentence.
Conditional
Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are
used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain
condition (in the clause with if)
is fulfilled.
|
"Conditional
Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to
express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled."
There are three types of
Conditional Sentences :
Type
|
Condition
|
I
|
Condition possible to
fulfill
|
II
|
Condition in theory
possible to fulfill
|
III
|
Condition not
possible to fulfill (too late)
|
1.
Form
Type
|
Form
|
I
|
If + Simple Present, will-Future
|
II
|
If + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would +
Infinitive)
|
III
|
If + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would
+ had + Past Participle
|
Type
|
Example
|
I
|
If I study, I will
pass the final test.
|
If I find him number,
I will call him.
|
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If he send me an
invitation, I will come in his party.
|
|
Andy will wash the
clothes if he feels well.
|
|
My mother will be
happy if I finish my homework before dinner.
|
|
She will come to your
house if she has enough time.
|
|
If her doesn’t finish
her homework, her mother will be angry.
|
|
If you don’t practice
the guitar everyday, you will play poorly.
|
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If you doesn’t call
your girlfriend, will her get mad?
|
|
If her invite you,
will you come?
|
|
II
|
If it rained
tomorrow, I would sleep all day.
|
If you studied hard,
you would pass the middle test.
|
|
If I had much money,
I would travel around the world.
|
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If I married with
Elsa, I would be very happy.
|
|
She would pass the
exam if she studied hard.
|
|
He would support me,
if I failed in this contest.
|
|
If he didn’t study
hard, he would fail.
|
|
If you didn’t come, I
would be sad.
|
|
If you were a
millionaire, would you donate your money to charity?
|
|
If you were to get
marriage, would you be happy?
|
|
III
|
If I had known then
what I know now, I would have done things differently.
|
If I had known that
you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
|
|
If he had told me
that he went to Jogjakarta last week, I would have picked his up at the train
station.
|
|
Lucy would have
arrived at home, if my brother had not picked her up.
|
|
My father would have
been here, if the flight had not been canceled.
|
|
If Danny had driven
his motorcycle carefully, he would not got an accident.
|
|
If I had known that
Budi was your boyfriend, I would not have called him.
|
|
If Real Madrid had a
good striker, they would not have lost the game.
|
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If you had been able
to afford it, would you liked to go to have university?
|
|
If she had asked you
for forgiveness, would you have forgiven her?
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Source
:
